PROBLEM SOLVING USING C
PROBLEM SOLVING USING C
📘 Unit 1: Introduction to Computer Programming
What is Computer Programming?
A Computer Program is a set of instructions written in a programming language that tells a computer how to perform a specific task.
Examples
- Calculator Application
- ATM Software
- Mobile Apps
- Online Shopping Websites
- Student Management System
💾 Types of Software
What is Software?
Software is a collection of programs and instructions that tells a computer what to do. Without software, a computer cannot perform any task.
Software is mainly divided into two types:
- System Software
- Application Software
1. System Software
System software controls and manages computer hardware and provides a platform for running applications.
Functions:- Controls hardware
- Manages memory and files
- Runs applications
- Provides security
- Handles input/output devices
- Windows
- Linux
- macOS
- Device Drivers
- Utility Software
2. Application Software
Application software helps users perform specific tasks like browsing, chatting, or creating documents.
Functions:- Helps complete tasks
- Makes work easier
- Used in education, business, and personal use
- Google Chrome
- YouTube
- Snapchat
⚙️ Compiler and Interpreter
Compiler
A compiler translates the entire program into machine language at once.
Interpreter
An interpreter translates the program line-by-line during execution.
🧠Programming Language Levels
Programming languages are classified into three levels:
- Machine Level Language
- Assembly Level Language
- High-Level Language
1. Machine Level Language (1GL)
Uses binary numbers (0s and 1s). Directly understood by CPU.
10010010
01101101
11001100
2. Assembly Level Language (2GL)
Uses mnemonic codes instead of binary.
MOV A, 10
ADD A, 20
SUB A, 5
3. High-Level Language (3GL)
Easy to read and write using English-like syntax.
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
printf("Hello World");
return 0;
}
📊 Difference Between Language Levels
🤖 Algorithm
🔥 Features (Characteristics) of Algorithms:
1. Finiteness: An algorithm should have Finite number of steps.
2. Definiteness: Every Statement/instruction in an Algorithm must be clear and unambiguous.
3. Input: Every Algorithm must take Zero or one or more number of input values. The input of an Algorithm can either be given interactively by user or generated internally.
4. Output: Every Algorithm must produce an output as result.
5. Effectiveness: It should be easily convertible into program.
6. Generality: The Algorithm applies to a set of Inputs.
Example Algorithms:
1. Write an Algorithm for Sum of Two Numbers (Addition of Two Numbers):
Step 1: Start
Step 2: Read Two Numbers m, n.
Step 3: Add m and n, and Store the Result in „Sum‟ (Sum=m + n)
Step 4: Display „Sum‟ value
Step 5: Stop
2. Write an Algorithm for Sub of Two Numbers (Subtraction of Two Numbers):
Step 1: Start
Step 2: Read Two Numbers m, n.
Step 3: Sub m and n, and Store the Result in „Sub‟ (Sub=m - n)
Step 4: Display „Sub‟ value
Step 5: Stop
3. Write an Algorithm for Mul of Two Numbers (Multiplication of Two Numbers):
Step 1: Start
Step 2: Read Two Numbers m, n.
Step 3: Mul m and n, and Store the Result in „Mul‟ (Mul=m * n)
Step 4: Display „Mul‟ value
Step 5: Stop
4. Write an Algorithm For Largest of Two Numbers (Biggest of Two Numbers):
Step 1: Start
Step 2: Read Two numbers p, q.
Step 3: if p>q then Display p is Big
Step 4: else Display q is Big
Step 5: Stop
5. Write an Algorithm to find the area og the circle
Step 1: Start
Step 2: Read radius r.
Step 3: calculate area. "area" = π * r * r
Step 4: Display „area‟ value
Step 5: Stop
6. Write an Algorithm to find the Sum of three sides of the Triangle.
Step 1: Start
Step 2: Read s1, s2, s3.
Step 3: calculate area. "sum" = s1 + s2 + s3
Step 4: Display „sum‟ value
Step 5: Stop
7. Write a Algorithm to Calculate the Simple Intrest.
Step 1: Start
Step 2: Read P, R, T.
Step 3: calculate area. "intrest" = (P * R * T) / 100
Step 4: Display „intrest‟ value
Step 5: Stop
Comments
Post a Comment